India’s defence modernisation efforts are entering a new phase with the Indian Air Force (IAF) advancing plans to induct unmanned stealth combat aircraft under the Remotely Piloted Strike Aircraft (RPSA) programme. The initiative, which has received approvals from the defence ministry for a private sector collaboration model, is expected to unlock a substantial ₹39,000 crore opportunity for domestic industry, according to a recent report.

The programme, earlier known as Ghatak, will be led by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under a development-cum-production partner (DCPP) framework. This model marks a continuation of India’s evolving procurement strategy, where the government increasingly relies on domestic private sector capabilities alongside public sector entities to accelerate defence manufacturing.

In its initial phase, the IAF plans to invite industry players to bid for the development of six prototypes, with an estimated outlay of around ₹10,000 crore. This phase will be critical in validating the platform’s design, stealth capabilities, and operational viability. Once the prototypes are successfully developed, the programme is expected to transition into full-scale production, with potential orders exceeding 60 unmanned stealth aircraft enough to equip at least four squadrons.

Importantly, the scale of the programme could expand further over time as global military doctrines shift toward unmanned and autonomous warfare systems. The IAF’s target is to induct these platforms within the next eight years, indicating a medium-term execution timeline with long-term industrial implications.

A key highlight of the RPSA programme is its strong emphasis on indigenisation. The platform is expected to feature over 80 percent domestic content, aligning with the government’s broader “Make in India” initiative aimed at reducing reliance on imports. The aircraft will integrate locally developed weapon systems, including future variants of the Astra long-range air-to-air missile, along with next-generation air-to-ground capabilities currently under development.

Technologically, the RPSA platform is expected to be comparable in size to conventional fighter aircraft, powered by a jet engine and incorporating stealth features. The programme is also being developed in parallel with the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), with both platforms envisioned to operate under a manned-unmanned teaming concept. This approach reflects a strategic shift in aerial combat doctrine, where manned fighters and autonomous systems operate in tandem to enhance mission effectiveness and reduce pilot risk.

The development model mirrors the AMCA programme, where private sector players such as Tata Advanced Systems, Bharat Forge, and Larsen and Toubro have already been shortlisted. Formal tenders for the RPSA programme are expected to be issued soon, potentially drawing participation from a similar pool of companies.